Pattern and Management of Testicular Tumours in aTertiary Hospital of Northwestern Nigeria.

Abstract

Introduction: Testicular tumour is the most curable urologic malignancy even when is metastatic. Some patients may have prior scrotal intervention in the peripheral Hospital which upstage the tumour and compromise the hope for cure. Objective: to document pattern and management of testicular tumour at our institution. Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients managed for testicular tumours at UsmanuDanfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto from 2006 to 2019. Data were collected from the casenotes, theatre and histopathological register which was analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The results were reported in mean±S.D and percentages. Results: There were 20 patients managed for testicular cancer within the study period with mean age of 31.85 ± 24.35 S.D, with a range of 3- 77 years. All the patients presented with painless scrotal swelling, which was punctured in 4 patients by herbalist. There was groin and testicular ulcerations in 3 patients (15%). Radical orchidectomy was done in 19 patients (95%). The commonest histologic type was Seminoma, which was found in 7 patients (35%). Other histological types were Rhabdo myosarcoma (20%), Metastatic (15%), Yolk sack (15%), Embryonal (5%), Burkitt's tumour (5%) and Teratoma (5%). There was symptomatic improvement in the symptoms and shrinking of retroperitoneal mass after the radical inguinal orchidectomy and chemotherapy. There was mortality in 2 patients (10%) with Rhabdom  myosarcoma and 1 patient (5%) with seminoma. Conclusion: Testicular cancer is the most curable urological malignancy. There is increase morbidity and mortality in late presentations, sarcomas, groin and scrotal ulceration or interventions by herbalists.